Guide · Rules

AI governance: a practical framework for companies.

AI governance is the framework in which a company decides who may use AI for what, who is responsible for it, and how that use is documented, reviewed and monitored.

Key takeaways

Six building blocks carry AI governance: an AI inventory, accountability, a usage policy, risk classification, monitoring and training. You build it in five steps, and the quickest place to start is the usage policy. If you want support, that is part of our AI consulting.

By — AI Automation Manager (TÜV SÜD Akademie), three IHK qualifications, trained HVAC and plumbing tradesman and field service technician.

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Why you need AI governance

As soon as several people in a company use AI, questions come up that no one answers alone: Which tools are allowed? Who checks the results? Which data may go in? AI governance answers them once for the whole company, instead of every department inventing its own rules. A related term is AI compliance: it means meeting requirements, and governance provides the frame for that.

The six building blocks

We summarize the frame in six building blocks:

Building block Guiding question Result
AI inventory Which AI applications are in use, by whom, with which data? A maintained list that also captures personal use at work
Accountability Who decides on new applications, who reviews, who is the contact? Named roles with clear responsibility
Usage policy What is allowed, what is not, and which data may go into which tool? A binding policy everyone knows (template linked below)
Risk classification Which risk level does the application fall under? A documented classification per application
Monitoring and audit How do we keep checking that the application does what it should? Spot checks, logs and a fixed review rhythm
Training Do employees know how they may use AI and where the limits are? Training and a record of who took part

Usage policy

The policy is the building block that is quickest to put in place. Our free AI policy template gives you a draft to adapt to your company. It is the document, and this guide is the frame behind it.

Risk classification under the EU AI Act

If your company does business in the EU, the EU AI Act may apply. It distinguishes four risk levels: unacceptable risk (banned), high risk, transparency risk, and minimal or no risk (European Commission, accessed October 11, 2026). The Commission states that the vast majority of AI systems currently used in the EU fall into the minimal-risk category. Which obligations apply to your application is a question for legal counsel. This guide does not cover US federal or state law.

Training

Whatever the legal position, people use AI better and more safely when they know what the tools can do and where the limits are. In our AI consulting, we run training together with the rollout.

Building it in five steps

  1. Take stock: Record which AI tools are in use, personal accounts included. This becomes the AI inventory. The AI readiness assessment helps to sort out where you stand.
  2. Name owners: One person keeps the inventory, one body decides on new applications, and data protection and IT are involved.
  3. Adopt a policy: Set the usage rules and make sure everyone knows them.
  4. Classify applications: Assign each application a risk level and document why.
  5. Train and review: Train employees and decide how often applications are reviewed.

For an overall plan in which governance is step 4 of the rollout, see the guide to an AI implementation roadmap. We build the applications themselves as a Corporate LLM, a RAG system or AI process automation, depending on the starting point.

Frameworks and standards as orientation

  • NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0): Released on January 26, 2023, it organizes AI risk management into the functions Govern, Map, Measure and Manage and is intended for voluntary use (NIST, accessed October 11, 2026). NIST also publishes a Playbook with suggested actions for the four functions.
  • ISO/IEC 42001:2023: The standard covers AI management systems (ISO, accessed October 11, 2026).

Both are orientation, not a prerequisite for starting.

Sources and note

All sources accessed October 11, 2026: European Commission, AI Act; NIST, AI Risk Management Framework; NIST, AI RMF Playbook; ISO/IEC 42001:2023. This guide is not legal advice. For your specific case, talk to your legal counsel or data protection officer.

Frequently asked questions

AI governance, answered briefly.

What is AI governance?

AI governance is the framework in which a company decides who may use AI for what, who is responsible for it, and how that use is documented, reviewed and monitored.

What are the parts of an AI governance framework?

Six building blocks: an AI inventory, clear accountability, a usage policy, risk classification, monitoring with reviews, and training for employees. For a start, a lean framework is enough, and it grows with the number of applications.

What is the difference between AI governance and AI compliance?

Compliance means meeting requirements, for example from laws and contracts. Governance is the framework inside the company that makes that possible: responsibilities, rules, documentation and oversight. Without it, compliance stays piecemeal.

What is the difference between AI governance and an AI policy?

The policy is a document that sets out what employees may do with AI. Governance is the frame around it, with the inventory, owners, classification, monitoring and training. Many companies start with the policy because it is the quickest piece to put in place.

Go to the AI policy template

Does the EU AI Act apply to a US company?

It can, if the company does business in the EU. The European Commission describes four risk levels and application dates for different obligations. Which obligations apply to your application is a question for legal counsel. This guide does not cover state or federal law in the US.

Do I need ISO/IEC 42001 or the NIST AI RMF?

Neither is required to get started. NIST's AI Risk Management Framework is intended for voluntary use, and ISO/IEC 42001:2023 is a standard for AI management systems. Both can serve as orientation. Whether you need more depends on what your customers ask for.

Is this guide legal advice?

No. It organizes the frame and points to primary sources. For binding answers on your specific case, talk to your legal counsel or data protection officer.

More questions? Find all the answers in our FAQ →